Registered Behavior Technician Competency Assessment (RBT)

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For those aspiring to work in the field of Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA), the Registered Behavior Technician (RBT) Competency Assessment is the most critical hurdle to clear before becoming a certified professional. Unlike a traditional written exam, this assessment is a hands-on demonstration of your skills. This guide provides a comprehensive breakdown of everything you need to know to pass the assessment and move toward your RBT certification.

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Section 1: What is the Registered Behavior Technician Competency Assessment (RBT)?

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The Registered Behavior Technician (RBT) Competency Assessment is a practical evaluation of a candidate’s ability to perform the essential tasks required of a behavior technician. It is not a written test, but rather a performance-based check-off conducted by a qualified supervisor.

  • Official Exam Name & Acronym: RBT Competency Assessment (often referred to as the “RBT Skills Check”).
  • Conducting Body/Authority: The Behavior Analyst Certification Board (BACB). Established in 1998, the BACB is a nonprofit 501(c)(3) corporation that maintains the standards for ABA professionals globally.
  • Purpose of Exam: Professional Certification. It is a mandatory prerequisite for sitting the RBT Pearson VUE exam.
  • Geographic Validity: Primarily recognized in the United States, Canada, and increasingly in international markets like Australia and the UK. Note: As of 2023, the BACB has transitioned to focusing primarily on certification within the US and Canada.
  • Level of Competence: Entry-level. Passing demonstrates that the candidate can safely and effectively implement behavior-analytic services under supervision.
  • Brief History: The RBT credential was introduced by the BACB in 2014 to professionalize the role of frontline technicians. The Competency Assessment was updated significantly with the RBT Task List (2nd ed.) to ensure more rigorous practical standards.
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Section 2: Who Can Take the Registered Behavior Technician Competency Assessment (RBT)? (Eligibility Requirements)

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Before you can schedule your competency assessment, you must meet strict preliminary requirements. You cannot simply “sign up” for the assessment without completing the 40-hour training first.

Eligibility Checklist

  • Academic Requirements: Minimum of a High School Diploma or equivalent (GED).
  • Training Requirements: Completion of a 40-hour RBT Training based on the RBT Task List (2nd ed.). This training must be completed within a 180-day period.
  • Age Requirement: Candidates must be at least 18 years of age at the time of the assessment.
  • Background Check: A criminal background check must be completed within 180 days of the RBT application date.
  • Documentation Checklist:
    • Certificate of Completion for the 40-hour RBT training.
    • Official High School Transcript or Diploma.
    • Government-issued photo ID (Passport or Driver’s License).
    • A completed “RBT Competency Assessment” form (signed by a BCBA).

Summary Table: Eligibility Requirements

Criteria Requirement
Minimum Age 18 Years
Education High School Diploma or equivalent
Training 40-Hour RBT Course (must be finished within 180 days)
Background Check Required (Must be recent within 180 days)
Language Fluency in the language of service delivery (No specific IELTS/TOEFL score required by BACB, but employer-dependent)
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Section 3: How to Register for the Registered Behavior Technician Competency Assessment (RBT)

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Exam Schedule & Availability

Unlike standardized tests, the RBT Competency Assessment is On-Demand. You schedule it directly with a Board Certified Behavior Analyst (BCBA) or a Board Certified Assistant Behavior Analyst (BCaBA). There are no fixed “testing windows.”

Exam Fees (Detailed Breakdown)

The cost of the competency assessment varies significantly depending on whether you are currently employed by an ABA agency.

Fee Type Estimated Cost (USD)
40-Hour Training Course $0 (if employer-provided) to $150 (online)
Competency Assessment Fee $0 (if employer-provided) to $300 (private BCBA)
BACB Application Fee $50
RBT Examination Fee (Pearson VUE) $45
Total Estimated Cost $95 – $545

Booking Process

  1. Find a BCBA Supervisor: If you are employed, your clinical director will usually conduct this. If you are independent, you must hire a BCBA via platforms like BACB’s “Find a Professional” directory.
  2. Complete the 40-Hour Training: Ensure you have the certificate ready.
  3. Schedule the Assessment: Coordinate a time for the BCBA to observe you working with a client or performing role-plays.
  4. Submit to BACB: Once the BCBA signs off on your competency, you upload the signed form to your BACB account portal.

Retake Policy

If you fail to demonstrate a specific skill during the assessment, you may retake that portion. There is no mandatory waiting period set by the BACB, but the assessor must provide remedial training before re-evaluating the failed task. You have 90 days from the date of the assessment to submit your application to the BACB.

Score Validity

The Competency Assessment is valid for 90 days. You must submit your RBT application to the BACB within this window, or you will have to undergo the assessment again. Once certified, the RBT credential must be renewed annually, which includes a new competency assessment every year.

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Section 4: Registered Behavior Technician Competency Assessment (RBT) Exam Format & Structure

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Exam Format

The assessment is a Practical/Clinical Evaluation. It is conducted in one of three ways:

  • With a Client: The BCBA observes you working with an actual learner.
  • Role-Play: The BCBA (or an assistant) acts as the learner.
  • Interview: The BCBA asks you to explain a concept verbally (only allowed for specific tasks).

Timing & Duration

Feature Details
Total Duration 1 to 3 hours (depending on candidate skill)
Number of Tasks 20 specific tasks from the RBT Task List
Break Allowances At the discretion of the assessor

Syllabus & Content Domains

The assessment covers the following critical areas from the RBT Task List (2nd ed.):

Domain Key Tasks Covered Evaluation Method
Measurement Continuous measurement, Discontinuous measurement, Data entry With Client/Role-Play
Assessment Preference assessments, ABC data collection With Client/Role-Play
Skill Acquisition Discrete Trial Training (DTT), Naturalistic teaching, Prompting With Client/Role-Play
Behavior Reduction Extinction, Differential Reinforcement (DRA/DRO) With Client/Role-Play
Professionalism Professional boundaries, Clinical documentation Interview/Role-Play
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Section 5: How is the Registered Behavior Technician Competency Assessment (RBT) Scored?

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The Passing Threshold

The assessment is Pass/Fail. There are no numerical scores (e.g., 80%). To pass, you must demonstrate 100% competency in every single task listed on the RBT Competency Assessment form. If you miss one task, you have not passed the assessment yet.

Scoring Mechanics

  • Negative Marking: Not applicable.
  • Partial Credit: Not allowed. You either perform the skill correctly according to the task list, or you do not.
  • Sectional Cut-offs: You must pass all 20 tasks.

Score Reporting

The result is immediate. The BCBA will tell you if you passed or which areas require more practice. Once all tasks are marked as “Pass,” the BCBA will sign the document, and you can upload it immediately to your BACB gateway account.

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Section 6: How Difficult is the Registered Behavior Technician Competency Assessment (RBT)?

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Overall Difficulty Rating: Moderate.

While the concepts are entry-level, the difficulty lies in the application. Many candidates can define “Discrete Trial Training” on paper but struggle to implement it with a crying child or a fast-moving learner.

Historical Pass Rates

Category Pass Rate (Approx.)
First-time Pass Rate (Assessment) 85-90%
Overall Certification Success Rate 70-75% (Includes the Pearson VUE Exam)

Most Challenging Topics: Candidates often struggle with Discontinuous Measurement (Whole Interval vs. Partial Interval recording) and implementing Extinction procedures correctly under pressure.

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Section 6B: RBT Competency Assessment vs. Similar Certifications

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Feature RBT (BACB) BCAT (BICC) ABAT (QABA)
Conducting Body BACB BICC QABA
Primary Purpose Behavior Tech Certification Autism-specific Tech International Applied Tech
Assessment Type Live Skills Demo Written Exam Only Live Skills Demo
Total Cost ~$100-$500 ~$250 ~$300
Recertification Annual Every 2 Years Every 2 Years

When to choose RBT: If you are working in the US or Canada, the RBT is the “gold standard” and is required by almost all insurance payers (Medicaid, Tricare, etc.).

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Section 7: How to Prepare for the Registered Behavior Technician Competency Assessment (RBT)

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Recommended Study Timeline

  • Total Preparation Time: 50-60 hours (40 hours of training + 10-20 hours of practice).
  • Phase 1 (Week 1-2): Complete the 40-hour course.
  • Phase 2 (Week 3): Memorize the RBT Task List definitions.
  • Phase 3 (Week 4): Practical role-play with a colleague or friend.

Best Study Resources

  • Official BACB RBT Task List (2nd Ed.): Your primary syllabus.
  • ABA Rocks: Excellent free practice quizzes for the terminology.
  • CentralReach / Relias: Common platforms for the 40-hour training.
  • YouTube (ABA Made Easy): Visual demonstrations of DTT and Prompting.
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Section 8: What to Expect on RBT Assessment Day

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On the day of your assessment, arrive 15 minutes early at the clinic or log into your Zoom session (if remote).

  • What to Bring: A clipboard, pen, a timer (or phone with a timer app), and any data sheets the BCBA requested.
  • The Process: The BCBA will say, “Show me how you would use a most-to-least prompting hierarchy to teach a child to wash their hands.” You will then demonstrate the skill.
  • Prohibited: You cannot look at your notes during the demonstration of a task.
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Section 9: After Passing the Registered Behavior Technician Competency Assessment (RBT)

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Passing the assessment is Step 1 of 2. Once passed:

  1. Log into your BACB account and upload the signed Competency Assessment.
  2. Pay the $50 application fee.
  3. Wait for the BACB to approve your application (usually 1-2 weeks).
  4. Once approved, you will receive an “Authorization to Test” (ATT) email.
  5. Schedule your final written RBT Exam at a Pearson VUE testing center.

Career Opportunities: Certified RBTs typically earn between $18 and $30 per hour, depending on the state and experience level.

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Section 10: Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

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1. Can the competency assessment be done online?
Yes, via synchronous video (live). The BCBA must observe you in real-time.

2. How long do I have to take the written exam after passing the assessment?
You must submit your application to the BACB within 90 days of the assessment date.

3. Can a BCaBA perform my assessment?
Yes, a BCaBA can perform the assessment, but they must be overseen by a BCBA.

4. What happens if I fail one task?
The BCBA will provide feedback and training. You can be re-tested on that task later that same day or on a different day.

5. Is the RBT Competency Assessment the same as the RBT Exam?
No. The Assessment is a practical skills check. The Exam is a 85-question multiple-choice test at a Pearson VUE center.

6. Does the 40-hour training expire?
Yes. You must complete the competency assessment and apply to the BACB within 180 days of finishing your training.

7. Do I need to redo the assessment every year?
Yes, as part of your annual RBT renewal process.

8. Can I use my own child for the “With a Client” portion?
No. The BACB prohibits assessing skills with a family member due to ethical conflicts of interest.

9. How much does it cost to retake the assessment?
This depends on your BCBA. Most employers do not charge for retakes.

10. Is the RBT certification valid globally?
As of 2023, the BACB only provides certification for individuals residing in the US, Canada, and specific US territories.

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